Nestled in the heart of the majestic state of Rajasthan, the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, also known as Keoladeo Ghana National Park, is a haven for bird lovers and wildlife enthusiasts alike. Home to an impressive 370 bird species and a rich variety of other flora and fauna, this verdant oasis is a must-visit destination for anyone seeking a serene retreat amidst nature.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore everything you need to know about the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, from its history and diversity to the best ways to explore its picturesque landscape and nearby attractions.
1. A Brief History of Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
The Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary was initially a natural depression marsh that was transformed into a “Bird Paradise” at the end of the 19th century. Originally used as a duck shooting reserve, hunting has since been prohibited, and the area was designated as a national park in 1982.
Despite its protected status, the park’s existence is heavily reliant on a controlled water supply from a reservoir located outside its boundaries. This well-designed system of dykes and sluices allows for diverse avifaunal species to thrive in the various water depths provided.
2. Diversity: A Myriad of Avian Species and Other Wildlife
The strategic location of the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary along the Central Asian migratory flyway and the availability of water make it an attractive destination for a wide array of bird species. Large flocks of ducks, geese, coots, pelicans, and waders migrate to the area during the winter months.
In addition to the migratory birds, the park is also home to several highly endangered species like the Greater Spotted Eagle and Imperial Eagle. During the breeding season from July to September, the sanctuary hosts an impressive heronry formed by 15 species of birds, including herons, ibis, cormorants, spoonbills, and storks, where more than 20,000 birds lay their eggs in years with adequate flooding.
3. Landscape: A Mosaic of Habitats
The Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary spans 2,873 hectares (29 sq km) and comprises a diverse array of habitats, including grasslands, forests, woodland swamps, and wetlands. This patchwork of ecosystems supports not only the abundant birdlife but also a rich variety of other fauna, such as deer, antelope, and even the elusive Bengal tiger.
4. Exploring the Sanctuary: Cycle, Rickshaw, and Boat Ride
There are several ways to explore the breathtaking landscape of the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary. Visitors can opt for a leisurely cycle ride or a guided rickshaw tour led by knowledgeable locals who can help spot and identify the various bird species. For a more immersive experience, a boat ride through the wetlands offers an unparalleled opportunity to observe the diverse avian life up-close.
5. Places to Visit Near Bharatpur National Park
The surrounding area of the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary offers several attractions for visitors to explore. Some noteworthy places include:
- Lohagarh Fort: A historical fort built by the Jat ruler Maharaja Suraj Mal in the 18th century, featuring beautiful architecture and a museum showcasing the region’s history.
- Deeg Palace: A stunning palace complex showcasing the royal heritage and intricate architecture of the region.
- Bharatpur Palace: Another architectural marvel that exhibits a fusion of Rajput and Mughal styles.
6. Hotels in Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
There are several accommodation options available for visitors near the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, ranging from budget-friendly guesthouses to luxurious resorts. Some popular choices include:
- The Bagh: A heritage hotel set amidst sprawling gardens, offering a luxurious stay with modern amenities.
- Bharatpur Ashok Forest Lodge: A government-run lodge located within the park boundaries, providing a comfortable stay close to nature.
- Kadamb Kunj: A charming resort set amidst lush greenery, featuring well-appointed rooms and excellent hospitality.
7. Things to Carry during Birding in Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
To make the most of your birdwatching experience at the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, it’s essential to be well-prepared. Some items you should consider bringing include:
- Binoculars or a spotting scope for better viewing of the birds
- A field guide to help identify the various species
- Comfortable clothing suitable for the weather, along with a hat and sunscreen for sun protection
- Insect repellent to ward off mosquitoes
- A camera with a good zoom lens to capture stunning photographs of the avian life
- Plenty of water and snacks to stay hydrated and energized during your visit
8. Do’s and Don’ts at Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
To ensure a pleasant and responsible visit to the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, it’s essential to adhere to the following guidelines:
Do’s:
- Respect the park’s rules and regulations
- Stay on designated paths and trails
- Keep a safe distance from birds and other wildlife
- Dispose of your waste properly
- Support local communities by hiring guides and purchasing souvenirs
Don’ts:
- Feed the birds or other wildlife
- Use flash photography, as it can disturb or harm the birds
- Play loud music or make excessive noise
- Litter or damage the park’s natural environment
- Attempt to approach or touch any wildlife
9. How to Reach Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
The Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is well-connected to major cities in India and can be reached by various modes of transportation:
- Air: The nearest airport is located in Agra (56 km away), which is well-connected to major Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata.
- Rail: Bharatpur Junction railway station (5 km away) is well-connected to major cities like Delhi, Jaipur, and Agra.
- Road: The sanctuary is easily accessible by road, with regular bus services and taxis available from nearby cities like Agra, Jaipur, and Delhi.
10. Close to Major Cities: Accessibility and Convenience
One of the primary reasons to visit the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is its proximity to major cities like Delhi (180 km), Jaipur (180 km), and Agra (56 km). This makes it a convenient destination for a weekend getaway or a short escape from the hustle and bustle of urban life.
Conclusion: It is a Bird’s Paradise and a Must-Visit Destination
The Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary or Keoladeo Ghana National Park is truly a bird’s paradise, offering visitors an unparalleled opportunity to witness a diverse array of avian species in their natural habitat. With its rich history, breathtaking landscape, and convenient location, there’s no reason not to add this incredible destination to your travel bucket list.
